(adj) the most important elements of something, which provide a structure to which more detail might be added later 極簡單的；基礎的
I don't need the long story, just give me your bare-bones account.
from scratch
(idiom) when you do something from the beginning 從頭做起；從頭開始
Irma didn't use a cake mix, she made the cake from scratch.
pragmatic
doing things in a practical and realistic way and not using only ideas 務實的；實用的
His pragmatic nature made him perfect for the management job since he liked to solve problems.
spearhead
(v) to lead an attack or series of actions 擔任先導；當先鋒；領導
Paul was asked to spearhead the greenhouse research project because agriculture was his college major.
precursor
(n) something which happens or exists before something else and influences its development
前導；先驅；前輩
A dramatic drop in sales was a precursor to the business closing.
